Modeling - Teacher reads a passage and models strategies she/he used to have a better understanding of text
Think Aloud- Teacher thinks aloud how he/she derived meaning from the text that was read
Creative Debate-Students are asked to take on characters in a story (or in content areas matter or other concepts presented). Then two-thirds of the class debates while one-third observe. One-third of the students take on one character and face the other third of the students who take on the other character. Then they debate fro 10-15 minutes. At the ends the observers share a short verbal or written summary of what occurred.
Visual Imagery- Have students create and share mental images they create from the story.
Reciprocal Questioning: (Palinscar & Brown, 1988)- This procedure is where the student and teacher take turns leading a dialog of the text that was read. There are 4 phases 1) Summarizing-Learners read a passage and identify "Big Ideas" 2). Questions-Unanswered questions are created, 3). Clarifying-Readers focus on unfamiliar vocabulary and puzzling concepts, 4) Predicitng-Students use all the information available in the reading including pictures and text structure to determine what might happen next.
Think, Pair, Share-strategy-Students write down personal reactions, then gave their written thoughts to a partner, who wrote a reaction to that student's comments.
Author's Craft-Students must identify why an author writes a certain way.
Prereading Techniques- Set a purpose, preview vocabulary, activate background knowledge, relate background knowledge to new knowledge
Questioning Strategies- Questions you might consider training students to ask-
Skim,Rap and Map- Skim text, rap about a section by forming questions from headings or titles, map by creating a two-column chart-see example
Author's Chair: Allow a student to be the author and answer questions from the students who are reading the book
Coding Textbooks-
Bookshare.org-This site enables people with visual or other print disabilities to legally share scanned books. Members of the community can share with all other members any books that have been scanned. This site is possible due to an exemption in the copyright law that allows open use only fro people with disabilities and schools that serve them.
RAP- (Schumaker,Denton & Deshler,1984)
R-Read a paragraph
A- Ask yourself a question
P-Put the main and details in your own words
Predictions:-In pairs one student is chosen to read first then the students followed the procedures outline below:
1) Student who will read predicts what will happen
2)Student not reading asks the reader if the prediction came true. This statement is followed by why or why not
3)Student who reads is asked to summarize what is read using 10 words or less.(the nonreader counts the # of words)
Conclusion Frames-Present story frames before students read a passage. Have students predict the information that will fit into the blanks. After students read the passage ask them to confirm or reject their predictions.
Spirit Reading- A student continues to read until the "spirit moves" them to stop and then any other student who the "spirit moves" can start reading.
Word Sorts- When introducing vocabulary, ask students to sort the words into categories (either categories you provide them or categories the student create).
Readability Issues- When the text is just too difficult:
Auto Summarize- Use Microsoft Words-"Auto Summarize" feature to put the text into a modified format. This function can be found under the tool bar.
The Project Gutenberg Philosophy (Promo.net/pg/ The Project Gutenberg Philosophy is to make information, books and other materials available to the general public in forms a vast majority of the computers, programs and people can easily read, use, quote and search.
Story Mapping- Students use a mapping format to list the key components of the story-see an example
Summary Mark-Out-As students read a passage, have them mark out irrelevant information (go over the passage 2-3 times). Have them take the remaining sentences and summarize these sentences into 10 words words or less representing the main idea of the passage.
Draw a Picture of the Story- Student is asked to demonstrate comprehension by drawing a picture or pictograph of what they have read.
Create a CD Cover- have students create a CD cover and song titles that reflect the story they have read.
Book Reviews: Have students act as reviewers fro books and give ratings (thumbs up or stars) for other students to consider the book fro them to read. Have a review column in your school newspaper of books that have been read by the class or a specific student.
Commercials-have students write and videotape a commercial related to a book they have read.
Act Out the Story-Students are asked to act out what they have read either in a group, pairs, or by themselves.
Develop a Time line- Students are to develop a time line of the events that occurred in the story or across chapters.
Story Retell- Students are asked to tell the story in their own words.
For,With and By, Using a 100 word passage read to the student twice the passage (for), then ask them to read it (with) you, finally have them read the same passage (by) his or herself.
Draw a Name- When reading aloud, students names are drawn from a pile to ensure they are all paying attention. (If you have student with special needs, you can make arrangements with them ahead of time the part they read and then be certain to call their name fro the paragraph they have rehearsed.)
KWL-K-What you already know;W-what you want to know;L-what you learned
Scrol- (Grant,1993) S- Survey the headings;C-Connect;R-Read the text;O-Outline;L-Look back
POSSE- (Englert & Mariage, 1991) P-Predit Ideas; O-Organize the ideas; S- Search for the structure;S-Summarize the main ideas;E-Evaluate your understanding
Popcorn- Students read aloud and say popcorn followed by peers's name in order to change readers
Five Finger Rule-When students are selecting a book to read/comprehend tell them this rule. (If in reading the first couple of pages you know all the words except five and can ask yourself and answer five questions about what you have read, this is probably a good book fro you to read,)